The Shining Stars in Identifying the Recipients of Prescribed Shares and Agnatic Heirs in Islamic Inheritance Law

Abstract

Praise be to Allah, Lord of the worlds, who established the system of inheritance and defined its rules and regulations Himself, leaving no room for human speculation. He revealed it in an eternal Divine Book through the best of His messengers.
Peace and blessings be upon our Prophet Muhammad, who conveyed this Divine legislation in the best manner, applied it practically, and whose Companions (may Allah be pleased with them) learned it from him. The Followers and those after them inherited this knowledge until it reached us exactly as revealed by Allah, without addition or omission. All praise and gratitude belong to Allah.
This research focuses on identifying the rightful recipients of prescribed shares (Ashab al-Furud) and agnatic heirs (Asabah) in Islamic inheritance law. It discusses the shares mentioned in the Holy Quran: one-half, two-thirds, one-third, one-fourth, one-sixth, and one-eighth, explaining the individuals entitled to each share and the circumstances under which they receive it.
The study also clarifies the heirs who inherit through prescribed shares, those who inherit through agnation, and those who may combine both forms of inheritance. Furthermore, it explains the causes of entitlement and the barriers preventing inheritance through an organized and easy-to-memorize framework covering different cases.
The research is supported by numerous examples designed to simplify inheritance issues for beginners. It aims to provide a concise and accessible resource that reduces the difficulty often encountered when studying lengthy classical works, whose topics may overlap and whose expressions may be complex for beginners.
The researcher asks Allah Almighty to make this work beneficial and sincerely dedicated to His Noble Cause. Indeed, He is the One who grants success and has power over all things. There is no power nor strength except through Allah, the Most High, the Almighty. May Allah’s peace and blessings be upon our Prophet Muhammad.