Educational Objectives and Their Role in Raising the Level of the Educational Process and Improving Learning Outcomes

Abstract

     Having a goal in the lives of institutions or individuals helps in achieving it, provided that the goal is well-defined and formulated. In the field of education, a goal is defined as the changes we expect to occur in the personalities of learners. Goals are of great importance in achieving the objectives of the educational process, including determining the level of achievement of learners and assessing the success or failure of any element of the educational process. Educational scholars have divided goals into general and specific goals. General goals are characterized by certain features, the most important of which is their universality; that is, they are not limited to a specific scientific field or educational stage. Furthermore, their formulation is not the sole responsibility of specialists in the field of education, but rather involves specialists in other fields. Other sectors of society also participate in achieving these general goals. The other category is specific goals. The most important sources for deriving goals are the aptitudes, abilities, and interests of learners, the general objectives of the subject matter, and previous experiences in the field of educational goals. Educational scholars have also classified educational goals into three domains:

1. The cognitive domain, which includes goals that express the learning of knowledge and information at its various levels.
2. The affective domain, which deals with the emotional and sentimental aspects related to the learner's acceptance, rejection, or aversion to certain things.
3. The motor domain, which deals with objectives that translate into skills such as hand-eye coordination and the use of other senses.